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CCAR-F · Domain 1: Agentic Architecture & Orchestration · 27% of the exam

Task 1.4: Implement multi-step workflows with enforcement and handoff patterns

When a step must happen before another, enforcing it in code rather than in the prompt, splitting multi-concern requests into separate investigations, and handing a case to a human with a summary that stands on its own.

Study it

  • Enforcing workflow order in code and handing off to humans

    Partly covered by: Guardrails

Sample questions

Try each one before opening the answer. Every option is explained, with the Anthropic documentation page that proves it.

Question 1 · choose 1

Your support agent may change a customer's account email only after verify_identity has confirmed the caller. The system prompt says so in capital letters, yet audit logs show that about one conversation in fifty calls update_account_email without a successful verification. Security wants this to never happen. What should you change?

  1. ARepeat the rule at the end of the system prompt, where recent instructions carry more weight
  2. BAdd few-shot examples to the system prompt that show verify_identity always being called before the email change
  3. CMake update_account_email reject any call that lacks a token issued by a successful verify_identity
  4. DLower the temperature of the agent's requests so that Claude follows the documented verification steps more consistently
Show the answer and why
  • ARepeat the rule at the end of the system prompt, where recent instructions carry more weight

    Incorrect

    Moving or repeating a prompt instruction changes the odds, not the guarantee; the instruction is already being ignored at times.

  • BAdd few-shot examples to the system prompt that show verify_identity always being called before the email change

    Incorrect

    Examples make the right order more likely but remain guidance, so some rate of skipped verification remains.

  • CMake update_account_email reject any call that lacks a token issued by a successful verify_identity

    Correct

    A gate in the tool layer holds on every call, whatever Claude decides, which is what a requirement of zero violations needs.

  • DLower the temperature of the agent's requests so that Claude follows the documented verification steps more consistently

    Incorrect

    Sampling settings do not turn an instruction into a rule; the model can still skip the step.

Prompt instructions have a non-zero failure rate. When an order of steps is a hard requirement, such as identity verification before an account change, put a programmatic prerequisite in front of the protected action.

Question 2 · choose 1

A customer writes: "You shipped the wrong blender on order 5521, my card was charged twice this month, and please send future orders to my new address." Your support agent replied only about the blender. The goal is first-contact resolution without extra hand-offs. How should the agent handle messages like this?

  1. AResolve the first issue in full and then ask the customer to open a new conversation for each of the other two requests
  2. BSplit it into separate issues, investigate each with the shared customer context, and send one combined reply
  3. CStart a separate agent session for each issue and let each session reply to the customer on its own
  4. DEscalate any message that raises more than one issue to a human agent, since multi-part requests are complex
Show the answer and why
  • AResolve the first issue in full and then ask the customer to open a new conversation for each of the other two requests

    Incorrect

    This pushes work back to the customer and turns one contact into three.

  • BSplit it into separate issues, investigate each with the shared customer context, and send one combined reply

    Correct

    Decomposing a multi-concern request into distinct items and synthesizing one answer covers every issue in a single contact.

  • CStart a separate agent session for each issue and let each session reply to the customer on its own

    Incorrect

    Separate sessions lose the shared customer context and send the customer three disconnected replies.

  • DEscalate any message that raises more than one issue to a human agent, since multi-part requests are complex

    Incorrect

    Each of these issues is routine; escalating on the count of issues lowers resolution rates without a policy reason.

Break a multi-concern request into distinct items, investigate each, and combine the results into one resolution. Independent items can be looked up in parallel because they do not depend on each other.

Question 3 · choose 2

When your support agent escalates a case, a human agent picks it up in a separate ticketing tool and cannot open the agent's conversation transcript. The goal is that the human can reply to the customer without making them repeat anything. Which TWO items should the agent's handoff note include? (Choose TWO.)

  1. AWhat the customer needs, stated so that the human can act on it
  2. BWhat the agent has already told the customer, such as a delivery date it quoted
  3. CA link to the session transcript in the agent platform's logs
  4. DThe agent's own confidence rating from 1 to 10 for its diagnosis
  5. EOnly the customer's most recent message, so that the human sees the current state of the case
Show the answer and why
  • AWhat the customer needs, stated so that the human can act on it

    Correct

    Anthropic's own buying agent hands a buyer to a rep so that the rep starts already knowing what the customer needs.

  • BWhat the agent has already told the customer, such as a delivery date it quoted

    Correct

    A rep who knows what the customer has been told can continue the conversation instead of contradicting it or asking again.

  • CA link to the session transcript in the agent platform's logs

    Incorrect

    The human agents cannot open the transcript, so a link gives them nothing they can use.

  • DThe agent's own confidence rating from 1 to 10 for its diagnosis

    Incorrect

    A self-rating says nothing about what the customer needs or what they were told.

  • EOnly the customer's most recent message, so that the human sees the current state of the case

    Incorrect

    The last message rarely states the whole request or what the agent already said, so the human would have to ask again.

A handoff to someone who cannot see the conversation has to carry it. In Anthropic's account of its buying agent, a rep picking up a handed-off buyer starts already knowing what the customer needs and what they have been told, so the customer does not repeat themselves.

Question 4 · choose 1

A customer wants a refund for a returned item and a discount code for the inconvenience. Policy grants the discount only after the return is confirmed as received. How should the agent order these steps?

  1. AIssue the discount first to calm the customer, then check the return
  2. BConfirm the return first, then issue the refund and discount
  3. CEscalate the discount question to a human every time
  4. DRun all three lookups in parallel and issue whatever the results allow
Show the answer and why
  • AIssue the discount first to calm the customer, then check the return

    Incorrect

    That grants the discount before the condition is met.

  • BConfirm the return first, then issue the refund and discount

    Correct

    When one item depends on another's outcome, the steps run in order.

  • CEscalate the discount question to a human every time

    Incorrect

    The policy is clear, so the agent can apply it.

  • DRun all three lookups in parallel and issue whatever the results allow

    Incorrect

    Parallel work suits independent items; here the discount depends on the return.

Investigate independent items in parallel, but sequence steps whose eligibility depends on earlier results.

Question 5 · choose 1

Your PreToolUse gate blocks process_refund until identity is verified. When it blocks, Claude often apologizes to the customer and stops, instead of verifying identity and trying again. What should the gate return when it denies a call?

  1. AA generic "permission denied" so that internal rules stay hidden
  2. BAn instruction to escalate every blocked refund to a human
  3. CNo reason, so that Claude is not tempted to work around the gate
  4. DA reason stating that verify_identity must succeed first
Show the answer and why
  • AA generic "permission denied" so that internal rules stay hidden

    Incorrect

    A generic denial leaves the next step unclear.

  • BAn instruction to escalate every blocked refund to a human

    Incorrect

    Most blocked refunds only need the verification step.

  • CNo reason, so that Claude is not tempted to work around the gate

    Incorrect

    Without a reason Claude cannot tell what to do next.

  • DA reason stating that verify_identity must succeed first

    Correct

    Claude reads the denial reason and can take the missing step.

Programmatic gates should explain their denials so the agent can recover, for example by naming the prerequisite tool to call.

Question 6 · choose 2

Your team never wants Claude Code to run git push --force, whatever the instructions in a session say. CLAUDE.md already says "never force push," and it has been ignored once. Which TWO statements are correct? (Choose TWO.)

  1. AWriting the CLAUDE.md line in capital letters makes it enforced
  2. BDeny rules only apply in plan mode
  3. CA deny rule such as Bash(git push --force *) in settings blocks the command in every mode
  4. DA path-scoped rule in .claude/rules/ blocks commands that match its paths
  5. ECLAUDE.md is context Claude tries to follow, not enforced configuration
Show the answer and why
  • AWriting the CLAUDE.md line in capital letters makes it enforced

    Incorrect

    Emphasis changes salience, not enforcement.

  • BDeny rules only apply in plan mode

    Incorrect

    Deny rules block in every permission mode.

  • CA deny rule such as Bash(git push --force *) in settings blocks the command in every mode

    Correct

    Deny rules are enforced by Claude Code, including in bypass mode.

  • DA path-scoped rule in .claude/rules/ blocks commands that match its paths

    Incorrect

    Rules are instructions; they do not block tool calls.

  • ECLAUDE.md is context Claude tries to follow, not enforced configuration

    Correct

    Instructions in CLAUDE.md are advisory, which is why the rule was ignored.

Use permission deny rules (or hooks) for actions that must never happen; CLAUDE.md and rules files guide Claude but do not enforce.

Question 7 · choose 1

Your support agent hands about one conversation in five to a human. The team wants that share to fall over the coming months by improving what the agent can resolve, but today each escalation is logged only as "escalated." What should the agent's handoff include to make this possible?

  1. AA sentiment score for the customer at the moment of escalation
  2. BThe full transcript of the conversation, attached to the ticket
  3. CThe reason the agent is handing the case over, recorded with each escalation so the reasons can be reviewed for patterns
  4. DA confidence rating from the agent for how well it understood the request
Show the answer and why
  • AA sentiment score for the customer at the moment of escalation

    Incorrect

    Sentiment says how the customer felt, not what the agent could not do, so it does not show what to improve.

  • BThe full transcript of the conversation, attached to the ticket

    Incorrect

    A transcript per case holds the answer somewhere, but without a stated reason nobody can see patterns across hundreds of handoffs.

  • CThe reason the agent is handing the case over, recorded with each escalation so the reasons can be reviewed for patterns

    Correct

    Anthropic's buying agent explains why each time it passes a buyer to a person, and those reasons shaped the improvements that cut the share needing a person by about half.

  • DA confidence rating from the agent for how well it understood the request

    Incorrect

    A self-rating does not say what blocked the agent, so it cannot guide what to build next.

Treat every handoff as feedback. When the agent states why it is escalating, the reasons can be grouped and reviewed, showing which missing capabilities or policies send cases to people and what to improve first.

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